{EMS 135} append1.txt

A P P E N D I X   
P I C K E N S  M A T E R I A L
* * * *

I

Draper Manuscripts,
Seried VV, Vol. 1, pp 107 IVV107 Vol. 1 of the Sumter Papers (microfilm edition pp. 107.
State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Pendleton District 28 Aug. 1811

Dear Sir:

Your favor of the 3rd {ult}. I have rec'd and in answer to some of your interrogations I can answer pretty correctly this being of more delicate nature ought not be too lightly coloured.
I was born in Pennsylvania Paxton Town ship on the 19-th Sept 1739. My father removed with his family when I was very young to Virginia and settled for a few years West of where Staunton now stands about 8 miles, and in the year 1752 or 3 removed to the Waxhaws and was amongst the first settlers of that part of South Carolina.

My father and mother came from Ireland. My father's progenitors emigrated from France after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

As I was raised on the frontiers of New Settlement and my father dying when I was young, I had not an opportunity of receiving even a good english education. I lived in the Waxhaws till the peace of 1763.

During the War with the Cherokees in 1761 and 2, I was young, fond of a gun and an active life and was much out in that war, was entructed for some time with a small detachment of men on the frontier, where the inhabitants had been driven from their newly settled plantations. I served as a volunteer in Grant's expedition against the Cherokees in the year 1762. There I learned someting of British cruelty which I always abhorred. In the year 1764 I removed from the Waxhaws to the Long Cane settlement west of Ninety Six 22 miles.

I was a farmer and had a wife and family of small children at the commencement of the Revolutionary war. At that time I had a company of Militia and never was in the regular service. At the commencement of the war it was thought advisable by our Council of Safety to have one or two regiments raised and officered in the upper part of the country.

The candidates for Col. for four of the regiments were ROBERT CUNNINGHAM - Mayson, and Tory Kirkland. Mayson got the commission, which so exasperated the others that they immediately took the other side of the question. They both being men of influence, but particularly Cunningham who lived on the east side of Saluda river and having considerabale connections in that part of the country. If Cunningham had been appointed Colonel at that time, we would not have had so violent and opposition to our cause in this country, and I have never had a doubt that he would have made the best officer. Early in the war I was advanced to a Majority.

I was of the same Regiment with Williamson, he was Major at the Commencement. When the Council of Safety advanced him to Brigadier I was appointed Colonel of the Regiment in 1777 and Brigadier immediately after the battle of Cowpens. There was much hard service with the disaffected white people and also with the Indians during the year before the fall of Charleston, of which I had a full share.

I served with Genl. Lincoln before and in the battle of Stono, had my horse killed under me in covering the retreat which I was ordered to do by the General and brought off some wounded officers. I had another horse killed under me in a conflict with the Cherokees. The severest conflict I ever had with the disaffected Tories was in Georgia at Kettle Creek in 1779.

The plan had previously been laid in New York by the Brittish commander with a Col. Boyd who commanded the Tories when Savannah was taken by the British. Col. Camble was advanced to Augusta. When this was done Boyd who had returned from New York was to notify the disaffected on the Western frontier of North and South Carolina and force his way along the frontier into Georgia and join Gen. Camble at Augusta. Genl. Williamson went with the Militia except part of my regiment to oppose Campbells crossing Savannah river. My regiment was mostly small detachments on the frontier from Saluda to Savannah River to guard against incursion of Indians.

Coln. Campbell detached Coln. Hamilton, now camped in Virginia with 200 mounted mostly irregulars up Savannah river on the Geoergia Side. The Whigs of Wilkes County fled to the Carolina side of the river and gave me immediate notice.

I immediately went down with what men I could hastily collect and ordered other to follow me. I met at the river Generals Dooley and Clark with about 100 men. Hamilton appeared the next morning and shewed intention of cossing the river, but we had secured all the flats on the Carolina side.
{Sharp omits here} - I had enough to cross and guard the place which were necessary. We maneuvered opposit each other for two days up and down the river for ten miles
- on the evening of the second day he disappeared - I immediately sent two men to reconneiter to know whether it was a feint or whether he was gone some distance -
They returned and informed me that he had taken the road to a fort about 10 miles from the River where there were some old men with some women and children - I immediately commenced crossing the river and as we had but one fort at the place and all horsemen it was nearly break of day before we got all over - When we all had gotten over, I had the men paraded for as Dooley was a full Colonel in Georgia and I in Carolina he then had command - Clark was then Lieut. Col. under Dooley -
I then spoke to Dooley and told him that unless he gave up the (Cole?){full} Command to me I would not proceed further to which he readily consented and then spoke to the men and told them that I was determined to pursue the enemy and attack him wherever I found him and that if any wished they might return: but further that I was determinded to be obeyed to which they all heartily agreed. As soon as it was clear light we proceeded with all the rapidity possible and when we came to the fort where they had stayed that night, they had just left it and said they were going to Kerr's fort which was bout twelve miles further -
I then dispatched two men on good horses who were well acquainted with the country to get to the fort before them, advise those in the fort to shut their gates and keep them shut out, for that I would certanily be there in a short time after them -
They got into the fort but were so neglectful or stupid as not to mention their business until Hamilton stepped in after them. His rear had not got quiet to the fort when my advance fired on them. They took to the fort and when firing commenced I had several men wounded - We got a few into a small house near the fort which annoyed them much -
At lenght I sent a flag desiring them to surrender and save the effusion of blood - Hamilton refused it - I then sent desiring him to let the women and children come out which he also refused - It was an old stockade fort full of little old cabins very dry - as soon as it was dark I intended to sett it on fire and had prepared light wood for this purpose upon a waggon which would have been rolled down the descent of a hill against the gates along a smooth road which led to it -
just as it was growing dark I received a particular account of Col Boyd and his tories advancing along the frontier of South Carolina and was expected to reach Savannah River that night to the number of seven hundred men there was no time to be lost -
I ordered the wounded men to be taken off, called the principal officers together and communicated to them the intelligence - It was immediatley agreed to cross the Savannah River and try to interrcept them if possible - We immediately kindled a long line of fires just over the top of the ridge which ran parallel with the fort about 150 yards from it, so that they could see the light of the fire from the fort - then horses, saddles and bridles were all taken many were tied to the stockades - We got to the Savannah River early the next morning, got over that day and ten or twelve miles on the Carolina side, but could get no certain account of where Boyd with his party was - {here Sharp starts quoting again} -

Early next morning I sent two or three active men with good horses to proceed up the River and when they got certain intelligence of the Enemy one to return and in meantime I would proceed up the river as far as possible. About the middle of the day one returned. I had then gone 14 miles up the river.

He informed me that Boy with upward of 700 men had crossed the river above the settlement on rafts - Capts. Anderson, Baskins and Miller and my brother, a captain had corssed Savannah River at the Cherokee ford with about 80 men expecting to prevent Boyd from Crossing but as his men had gotten mostly over before they were got up they attacked him, not knowing what numbers he crossed and were defeated. He had seen Anderson who had informed him of his defeat.

We then halted, Capt. Baskin and Miller were made prisoners with some men. When Captains Anderson and Pickens came in and gave us a full accountof this business, numbers who had not turned out at first had joined us, we amounted to about 400 men - officers and men willingly agreed to pursue them, we recrossed the river that evening and sent out spies to discover the rout. they had taken {here Sharp stops quoting} who returned in the night but could give us satisfactory intelligence -

As soon as light sent out again and directed them to proceed up Broad River the Western bank of Savannah River till they found the trail, in the mean time I would proceed up the river until I head from them, knowing that they might cross that river to get to the British at Augusta and as it was then above the (hostilities) could get us information of them until we could find their rout -

In the evening (my spies returned) and had seen them recrossing Broad River (for 10 miles higher up) and had taken a stragler prisonier who could give satisfactory information respecting them. - I then immediately crossed the river to the South side (desiring) to get between them and Augusta and still keep a few active men ahead to reconnoiter and give intelligence - In the dark of the evening their (spies) came in sight of ours and excanged a few shots, but without hurt to either party -

we left - down that night as soon as light next morning proceeded and (about sunrise {came} again) on their tracks we proceeded but a short distance when we came to where they had encamped -

We traveled on as far and with as much caution until about (10) oclock we heard this drum or hoisted their colors since they had crossed Savannah River -

I then haulted, examined and had our guns fresh fitted and primed and told my men that if any of them had anything to eat to divide {it} with their comrades. I then made arrangements for the attack expecting to come up upontheir {flank} Col Dooley had the right division (line) and Col Clark the left with orders when we cme up with their escorts press forward on their flank while I would press forward upon their rear -

We then move onout with my divisions and I went on with the center on their trail with a small advance with orders when they discovered any of the enemy not to fire first but immediately let me know -

The enemy had not gone more than two miles from where they had (beat their drums){broke camp} when they haulted at Kettle Creek to kill some cattle wich they found there and cook their breakfast -

On their front was the Creek, both (margins){banks} of which were grown thick with (cover) in their rear was a cleared field 1/2 of a mile in thier rear was a beef killed and a few men butchering it.

My advance - pretty near before they discovered them being too eager and not attending to their orders they imprudently fired on them which gave the alarm -

Boyd being (of British Practices) advanced immediatley with a party of men through the field to the edge of the woods anc concealing them behind old trees which had fallen down and an old fence - The main body was drown up along the edge of the (cane){creek} which came in circular from round on the right.

I advanced with the center to the top of the hill where Boyd was concealed with his party - As I had the men formed in a line advancing on their line, we received a fire from his party, which killed and wounded a few men. We were within thirty yards before they fired or we discovered them as they lay flat on the ground. They immediately fled down through the cleared ground to their main body -

Fortunatley for us, when Boyd had run about 100 yards, three balls passed through him. - The action then became general and (warm){confused} for about twenty minutes, they called for us much out of the cover. The divisions on the flank did not press as I wished them to cross the creek above and below.

This was not for want of courage but for want of experience and knowledge of the necessity of obeying orders - They retreated across the creek and formed on a rising ground. We pressed though the cane, the action was renewed mor obstinately and continued near half an hour - As they had the advantage of the grounds they contended obstinately but at lenght gave way -

Then when about 70 of the enemy killed on the ground and many wounded We took a number of prisoners, nearly all their horses and bridles with a number of good rifles which they had collected in their progress (our losses were inconsiderable) though some brave men fell and some died of their wounds and the prisoners which they had were recovered -

I left a few of the prisoners to bury their dead with a promise that they might return to their families if they would return to me which they did - It was dark before we got from the ground. I brought off all my own wounded and recrossed the Savannah River the next mornig at Fort Charlotte -

As soon as I got my wounded taken care of andmyh men and prisoners refreshed a few days, I went again into Georgia as the men were in high spirits to attack a part of Brittish and Tories which I had intelligence of. Brier Creek 35 miles south west of Augusta - We proceeded near to Wrightsborough on Little River where we got intelligence that there were 7 or 8 hundred Creek Indians encamped on (Ogeche) River about 25 miles distant with a (Tate) a Brittish agent at their head on their way to join Col. Campbell at Augusta -

I immediately haulted and sent a few men to reconnoiter their encampment - they returned the next day and gave me a true account of their situation - I got a small reinforcement, we were then about 500 men, we marched late in the evening and reached their encampment by daylight - They had not intelligence of us as the inhabitants were mostly disaffected and gone off in small parties -

I sent on the different trails, several were overtaken, some killed and one principal chief made prisoner - They were completely dispersed and defeated in their designs - I believe not a man of them reached Col Campbell - Those that escaped the prusuit returned home -

The defeat of Col. Boyd with the dispersion of the Indians with Tate completely is appointed the designs of the British at that time - Col Campbell soon retreated from Augusta and went below (Brier) Creek - There was not a gun fired between him and Williamson all this time opposite eachother at Augusta - there I believe Williamson was corrected and nothing of consequence happened in separate command further till after the fall of Charleston (and his) almost constantly on duty -

I have been very particular in my account of the affair of Kettle Creek because the circumstances which led to it were not generally known and because I believe it was the severest check and chatisement) the tories ever received in South Carolina or Georgia.

We know the particulars of the battle of the Cowpens - That part of the (71st) which was there surrendered to me and (I believe) every officer of that Regiment delivered his sword into my hand - I see in a publication the life of the late Genl. jackson of Georgia by a Judge Carlton of Savannah the Major McCarth(y) of the (71st) Regiment delivered his sword to him -

I think Jackson never told him so - Major McCarthur (?) surrendered to me some distance from the battleground and delivered his sword to me - Jackson acted with me at that time and {as} Major - I sent back to Genl Morgan, by Major Jackson, Major McCarthur with the sword -

When I met Col Washington with his cavalry in pursuit of Tarlton I ordered Jackson, who was {mounted} to return as quickly as possible with as many of the mounted militia as he could get -

We (pursued) with Col. Washington 22 miles and (a brigade of prisoners) of several in Tarlton's rear but coud not bringhim to an action. We did not get back to the battleground till the next morning and overtook Genl Morgan with the prisoners in the night at Gilbert's Town -

Next day Genl Morgan ordered me to take charge of the prisoners and take the upper rout, while he with the Infantry under Col. Howard and Col. Washington's Calvary took a lower rout to draw Lord Cornwallis after him - We got safe over the Catawba River andjoined again at Sherral's Ford after a fatigueing march of four days with the prisoners -

Most of the other scenes of the war at that time and in that quarter are knwon it would therefore be siperfluous to dwell upon them -

My conduct to the close of out struggles for self government must also be known to you, it would therefore be an irksom task for me to afford you no information to add anything upon that head. you desire to know the cause of my leaving Genl. Green before the battle of Guilford -

A few days before the affair at Whitsells Mill Governor Rutledge had arrive from the northward at Genl Green's camp and wished to see me. Genl Green wrote me to come to his camp I went though much against the wish of the militia officers -

While gone the affair at Whitsells Mill happened - The (militia who) were under my command particularly (----) those {men} from South Carolina and Georgia with those from Rowan and Mecklenburg County and some regiments west of the mountains were much displeased with the orders and conduct in that affair - They thought they were not treated fairly and were improperly exposed being ordered to cover the retreat of the regulars - when I joined them, which was on the same evening, they told they were determined to stay no longer - I tryed to obviate their objections but found it vain -

The next day I informed Genl. Green of the dissatisfaction which had taken place among the milita, that they had determined to go away but had promised not to go until they knew whether I would go with them - The General with Govr Rutledge thought it most advisable that I should return with them - The Genl told me at parting I hope to break this fellow's let, meaning Cornwallis, and return to So Carolina -

After receiving some general orders I left the Army. When I returned to So. Carolina the scenes were awful. When parties in opposition met quarters were seldom given (you) met me at Augusta and have some (idea) of what I must have undergone from the time we parted in N. Carolina -

The seige of Augusta, of Ninety Six, the battle of the Eutaw and in other services with the army you know whether I did my duty - Till the close of the war, or distresses, the upper country to the British (left) Ninety Six are not so well known to you. When they evacuated that (area) some of the worst tories went to the Cherokees and were almost contiually harassing and murdering the frontier inhabitants and made no distinction of sexes.

You know the scarcity of ammunition which prevailed after being reduced to Four rounds per amn. To endeavor to put a stop to the cruel murder of women and children which had been long practiced both by the white people and the Indians in their war on each other I issure positive orders that no Indian woman, child or old man or any unfit to bear arms should be put to death or pain of death on the perpetrator, giving at the same time the object I hoped to obtain by it. This order was readily obeyed and the Indians soon followed the example.

In two excursions which I made into the Indian country while Genl Green was in the lower part of the state I took a number of prisoners the last which I made into the Cherokee Country was a little before the British (evacuated) Charlestown.

There were a great many desparate white men with the Indians who had taken fefuge amongst them and encouraged them on their murderouse excursions I took a different rout into their country. I directed Col. Clark of Georgia to (visit me on) the frontier of that state at particular time and place.

The Indians had notice of our coming by a tory who left us when we began to collick but not knowing the rout I intended to take, The Indians expected as the same way as we had formerly gone and had their spies out on that way.

I met Clark at the place appointed. We proceeded with about 500 men all mounted and nearly one third with swords. I had not more than five or six rounds of ammunition for each man. It may be thought (rash) to have gone with so little ammunition against a powerful (tribe) of Indians, aided by a banditti) of desperadoes. We went the whole way thrugh the woods unexplored by any ofus before. We intirely evaded their spies and completely surprised one of their towns and made prisoners of more than 50 women and children with a few men. We had marched the whole night before, guided by two Indians who we accidentlly ment with the day before and made prisoners of. They faithfully performed the task allotted them. After surprising the town and making the prisoners in the evening I sent out three of the most active Indian men that we had taken and told them to go tell their people that I was there, that I did not blame the Indians so much as the white men that was amongst them, I would go no further nor destroy any more of their towns and would release all their prisoners on their delivering to me all their prisoners they had of ours including the negroes they had taken, that I would (remain there) tow days and that if they refused to comply I would proceed and as far as I could I would destroy as many of their towns and as much of their provisions as possible and if they wished to fight they knew where to find me.

The next day they sent in a flag, they said they had heard my talk and would comply with my demands as far as in their power but asked for a few days longer time. I gave them three days longer. On the evenig of the last day I had given them their principla chief, with 8 or 10 warriors came in with six white men tied who had been very active with them.

We remained in their nation till we had collected a nuymber of their chiefs and warriors and had matters so settled with them that the depredations of the Cherokees on the frontiers of Georgia and South Carolina ceased from that time.

Your may think me too particular and lengthy on what I have said on the transactions which I have narrated. I thought it best to give you a particular{account} with which you had not an opportunity of being acquainted - I was appointed with Col. (Hawkins) and others in (1784) to treat with the Southern Indians and have frequently since been a commissioner the United States to treat with these tribes - I leave it to my country to say whether in my public transactions I have discharged the duty ssigned me with honesty and fidelity and whether I have been an humble instrument in the had of Providence, to its advantages, But whatever the public sentiment may be, Ihave a witness within myself that my public live and conduct have been moved and actuated by an ardent zeal for the welfare and happiness of my beloved country.

with much respect I am
Your Most Obedient Servt

Genl Lee

Andw Pickens

{EMS 136} appen2.txt

II

ANDREW PICKENS INTERVIEW WITH LYMON C. DRAPER

(Andrew Pickens, living in Fayette County, Tennessee was interviewed by Lymon C. Draper in 1833. This account is from the Draper Collection in the Archives of the State of Wisconsin. Microfilm copies may be found in large libraries).
1. General Williamson assembled his troops July 1, 1776 on a creek, a tributary of the Saluda River in Pendleton District, S.C. They numbered about 8 or 10 hundred me. There were two regiments. General Williamson was at the head of one and General Andrew Pickens at the head of the other. In Picken's regiment it is recollected that Capt. Norwood, Capt. Robert F. Anderson and Captain Joseph Pickens, the latter a brother of Gen. Pickens, and who was subsequeltly mortally wounded at the siege of Cambridge (or Ninety Six). Captain Joseph Pickens when in a small wood, 400 yards beyond the reach of small arms, was recognized by McGuire, a Tory neighbor who had joined Cruger,

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got an unusally large rifle and wounded Pickens (when ever he shot it is recalled that he said, "Younder stands Capt. Pickens and by God I aim to kill Him"). At first it was not thought to be serious, but bleeding internally, he survived but ten days......(In describing a battle on Seneca River)... Perhaps some 20 altogether were wounded, among the wounded being the informat, Andrew Pickens a cousin of the celebrated General of the name, who was shot through the right knee. Surgeons, were in attendance. Next morning a guard under James Noble were set with the wounded to return to the settlements -- such as could were placed on horseback, but chiefly on horse litters, one horse in front, and the disabled on a litter between the horses, swinging across the poles on either side.
2. Skiuka, Chief of the Tugaloo Towns was the commander of the Indians. Not more than 15 or 20 miles between the Seneca and the Tugaloo Towns. Skikuka was a brave warrior and at the breaking out of this first Cherokee war this old chiief headed a party that laid waste the frontierrs of Georgia, killing many of the settlers. John Gillespie's wife and child, his sister Betsey Gillespie and others. Another party on the frontier of South Carolna killed a good many person and destroyed property betweeen the Savannah and the Saluda rivers. One family of Smiths, father, mother, severalchildren, all killed save one son who escaped, and two sisters taken prisoners and subsequently exchanged, and Smith's negroes, some killed and taken on the Enoree. One Wooford family, wife and some or all were killed or taken. Some two or three other families were also broken up between Saluda and Savannah rivers.
3 (Pickens tells aboaut an attack on an Indian town..) When the town was first attacked a DAVID PICKENS, a cousin of the General who was then living with the Indians, had just got out his horse for a race. A party gave chase but he effected his escape to the hills and valleys. Later he was overtaken by a party under Capt. Maxwell who saved his life, for some of the other soldiers were disposed to kill him. When General Andrew Pickens came up Maxwel said, "Here is someone you know General." The general said, " Why did you bring him to me?" "Thinking that you might have something to say to him,' replied Maxwell. "I have nothing to say" said Pickens as he turned away - regretting no doubt the circumstances that he should meet one of his own near relatives under such mortifying circumstances. But the single other one of the numerous connexion of Pickens who ever sided with the British, was JOHN PICKENS, an older brother of this very David, and who had enticed away his youngest brothe from the settlements to join the Indians, John subsequently went to Natchez, married and died there; while David from his naturally kind and sociable qualities was reclaimed and lived to do good service as a spy on the frontier. {TS NOTE - This is the same DAVID PICKEN that later went to Mississippi to teach at the indian school/mission and who befriended EDMUND PICKIN the son of John "the Tory" and Mary Adams Pickens. jcp1995}
4. The grandfather of General Pickens emigrated from Ireland abut the commencement of the 18th Century, bringing with him three sons, ISRAEL, ANDREW, (not recollected which one was the oldest) and JOHN. A forth son, Gabriel was probably born in Pennsylvania where the family first settled. General Piickens was the eldest son of Andrew, then Joseph and John, and two daughters, one of whom was the mother of Dr. John Miller of Pontotoc (Mississippi). The fate of General Pickens' brother Joseph has been told. John was a good Whig and near the close of the war was going with (as one of) a guard of half a dozen with a team from the frontier District of Abbeville to below Augusta for corn for the Whigs of the frontier were to much engaged in war with the Indians, Tories and British to raise a sufficienty. While going, John Pickens and his party were all taken prisoners by a party of Tories under Col. Williams,

{EMS 138}

Who took them to the Cherokee Nation and delivered them up to the Indians. One of the number, Matthew Thompson, effected his escape by the aid of the fleetness of the Tory Colonel's horse, which he applied to his own use. Thompson was a brother-in-law to General Robert Anderson.
5. General Picken's father first emigrated to the Waxhaw settlements nd finally died there. General Pickens removed from Waxhaw to the Abbeville frontier. The general was mostly raised in Waxhaw. All the northern connection moved to South Carolina. Two of the General's sons, Ezekiel and Andrew were governors of South Carolina, and a relative Israel Pickens was governor of Alabama. The General's only surving son, Joseph Pickens, the youngest lives near Cahaba, Alabama. General Pickens had several daughters, one Mary married Esq. John Harris who is yet living not far from Old Pendleton Court House. He was wounded in action wth Tory Moore at Savannah river when Capt. Baskin was taken Prisoner.

AN ADVENTURE OF ANDREW PICKENS WITH THE INDIANS.

6. Andrew Pickens, now of Fayete County, Tennessee, born near Staunton, Virginia on December 10, 1753.* Pickens was residing on the frontiers on the Georgia side of Savannah River, just married and making is first crop early in 1776. Some of the Cherokees had held a treaty of peace and friendship at Fort Charlotte, on their return stole horses among others three from Pickens. Old Skiuka, Cheif of the Tugaloo Towns, who knew Pickens well, sent him word early in the summer of 1776 by one Hughes, a half-breed trader that if he, Pickens would bring out two kegs of whisky, he should have his horses. Pickens gladly availed himself of the offer. One John Welch went along. All three went together an dreached Tugaloo Town some 40 miles sistant. Reached there near sunset - were met at the border of the town by a negro boy who told Hughes that "the old man", meaning Skiuka, had been there with all his warriors and robbed Hughes store of powder and anything else they wanted and had that day started for the frontiers to make war upon the Americans.
7. This first Cherokee war broke out on the frontiers of South Carolina and Georgia. Pickens and Welch were in a critical situation. Hughes befriended them. they staid over night with him. In the morning Hughes told them to run down under the river bank and secret themselves for the Indians were then approching. Two Indians came up to Hughes and wanted to know what the two white men were doing there? Hughes said that as another war was about to break out they had come into the Nation to join the Indians. This was satisfactory, they wanted to see the white brothers, Hughes sent for Pickens and Welch. They were received as brothers and were hugged powerfully by the drunken Indians. Hughes then secretly advised Pickens and Welch to go and catch a couple of horses near by, young and fresh, mount them and be off, leaving their tired and jaded animals in their place. They got them and the Indians wanted to know where they were going? Hughes said he was going to send them off to a distant range and bring in his horses as the war was now beginning and he wanted them all together. This was satifactory as they saw that they were Hughes horses.
8. Pickens and Welch mounted and had not gone far, scarcely a hundred yards, when they saw an Indian cart from behind a tree and run toward the town, indicating that he had been place there as a spy and discovered something in appearance that was suspicious, Welch proposed they should rush off, Pickens objected saying, "Wait till we descend the hill at hand and cross the creek at its base and then push to the utmost. They did son, dashing into the woods for safety, went several miles, then struck a trail which they knew led to the ford of Seneca - kept on a few miles further to the ford of Seneca. There they found Welch's coat, which he had left on the outward trip to dry and forgot it. Now they concluded if they found it still there, then it would be safe to infer no Indians had passed.
9. After crossing the river they within sight struck a large trail leading from Seneca Town toward the settlements. Directly coming to a creek, there they found a pair of leggins hanging on a bush on the opposite shore, yet dripping. Evidently just been used in wading the creek and taken off. The fresh signs indicated too much danger, they again took to the woods, went on till night. Durning the afternoon Welch was suffering great pain from a wet rain the preceeding day and every mile or two Pickens had helped Welch from his horse and led him. A little after dark they stopped, Welch urging Pickens to leave him and go to the settlement and get aid. Pickens said he wouldn't leave him. They hobbled their horses and turned them in and cane and lay down after noon. It was raining and they went to sleep. Never awoke till after sun up the next morning and couldn't believe it. Alarmed they got their horses. Welch feeling pretty well, struck the trail again half a mile off and there discovered thsat an Indian party had passed during the night, returning from the settlements.
Had they kept the trail and traveled the preceeding eveing in they would doubtless have been killed. Or had they built a fire, or belled their horses. Perhaps the log sleep was Providential.
10. That day they reached Fort Independence, on Rocky River, the extreme frontier of Abbeville District. They passed the smouldering ruins of the house of Sam Marrow - the owner had escaped himself, had no family. Plenty of moccasin tracks. Pickens feared for his family and kindred - his wife ran out from the fort to meet hm and embraced him. All had given up both Pickens and Welch as lost. Some of Picken's wife's reatives had been filled and all the families had fled to the fort. Skiuka, when he returned and found that Pickens had been there, said he was sorry he hadn't been there, for he was sure Pickens would get killed and he wanted to kill him himself in easy death, for he loved him.

EDITOR'S NOTE: Draper was mistaken on birth date of Andrew Pickens above, as being December 10, 1753. Pickens Bible records give the date as January 6, 1853. He was also mistaken about Andrew, the General being the oldest child of Andrew Pickens the pioneer. Bible records show that Capt. Joseph was the older. General Andrew Pickens had only one son who was Governor of S.C., Namely Gov. Andre Pickens. Gov. Francis W. Pickens, Governor of S.C. was a grandson of the General.

***

(EMS 142}
appeniv.txt

IV.

PENSION APPLICATION, WILLIAM PICKENS, MAURY CO. TENN. (National Archives No. S-3699)
_______________________
STATE OF TENNESSEE, | On this the 16-th day of September 1833
MAURY COUNTY. | personally appeared in open court before Hames
____________________| Hughes, John Mack and John C. Wormley, Esquires, Justices of the said court, being the court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions now sitting for the county of Maury in the State of Tennessee, WILLIAM PICKENS, aged about eighty four (84) years who being duly sworn according to law doth on his oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7, 1832.
He states that he entered the service of the United States under the following named officers and served as herein stated. That about the first of August 1776 he volunteered in the State of South Carolina, Abbeville District in the company of Thomas Langdon, William Bowles, Lieutenant, and the whole commanded by Col. Drayton. Stated he did not volunteer for any specific time. They marched to Ninety Six at which place they were stationed, or near that place until the 19-th of November of the same year at which time the battle of Ninety Six was fought and in which battle his applicant was engaged, after which time they were marched to Long Fork on Saluda River and were engaged in scouting until they marched to Reedy River and routed the Tories that were encamped there. This was abut the last of December in the same year, at which time they were discharged. The discharge was not in writing.
The following year the Indians commited depredations and this applicant together with many families were compelled to erect a fort for their safety and defence called FORT INDEPENDENCE. He was stationed at this fort abut ttwo or three months during which time he was constantly engared as a spy. In October 1777 he marched to Seneca as a guard at a treaty with the Indians; remained there a week; no treaty was effected. Returned to Fort Independance and remained there until May 1778. Marched to Due West Corner as guard at a treaty with the Indians, remained about two weeks, when a treaty was effected. He was then discharged.
In Fabruary 1779 he volunteered in Abbeville District in a company commanded by Captain Robert Anderson, Colonel Andrew Pickens and General Andrew Williamson. Marched to Savannah River, where a battle was fought with the Tories; pursued the Tories to Kettle Creek in Georgia where they overtook and defeated the. He was then discharged. This tour was about a month.
In the spring or early summer of 1780 again volunteered under Captain Robert Anderson and joined General Greene at Ninety Six, remined until the siege was raised and Greene marched to Charleston. Was transferred to a company of Ranges commanded by Captain Carruthers and Lieutenant Francis Carlile. This company ranged upon the frontiers about five months. Was then discharged and returned home. He states that he had no documentary evidence of services and knows no living person by whom he can prove his services. States he was born in Virginia in Augusta County in 1749, but what time in that year he does not know. The records of his birth was destroyed by Indians but from information from is parents and others he believes that he was born in that year. His father removed to Abbeville district, South Carolina when his applicant was bout fifteen (15) years of age at which place he resided until the year 1807 when applicant removed to Maury County, Tennessee where he now does and ever since resided He herby relinquishes every claim whatsoever to a pension or annuity except the present. Thomas A. Foster, Clerk.

Signed his
WILLIAM (X) PICKENS

mark

{EMS 143}

Supplementary statement (Affidavit) amed April 23, 1834 signed by himself. States he served four months in 1776 from August To December. Served four months in 1777, July and October under CAPTAIN JOHN PICKENS, and William Bloes, Lieutenant. Served on month in 1779, and five months in 1780.
AFFIDAVIT: We, ANDREW SMITH, a Clergyman residing in the county of Maury and State of Tennessee, and ASHLEY MOORE, residing in the same, hereby certify that we are acquainted with WILLIAM PICKENS who has suscribed and sworn to the above declaration and the we believ him to be about 84 years old. That he is reputed and believed in the neighborhood where he resides to have been a soldier of the revolution and that we concur in that opinion.
Sworn and subscribed.

ANDREW SMITH ASHELY MOORE

Certificate of pension was issued May 16, 1834 at rate of $46.66 per annum, to commence March 4, 1831. Apprears $163.33. Last payment bade to ALEX MEECE, attorney, October 1834.
EMS {143}

appenv.txt V.




PENSION APPLICATION, WILLIAM GABRIEL PICKENS, LIVINGSTON CO. KENTUCKY (National Arcives No. S-1244)
_____________________
STATE OF KENTUCKY, | On this 4-th day of February 1833 personally
LIVINGSTON COUNTY. | appeared in open court, beore John Berry,
____________________| Isham Clement, and Vinson B. Simpson, Esqrs., Justices of the county court for the county aforesaid, now sitting, WILLIAM B. PICKENS, resident of said county aged seventy two (72) years, the 18-th of October last, who being duly sworn according to law, doth on his oath make the following declaratin in order to obatain the benefits of the act of Congress passed June 7, 1832.
That he entered the service of the United States under the following named officers, and served as herein stated: About the first of October 1775 I first entered the service as a private (in the District of Abbeville-formerly Ninety Six - and as a volunteer under Captain Robert Anderson - aftwards general.) About the 2-nd of July preceeding my entering the service, the inhabitants along the frontiers and back settlements of Georgia and Carolinas, had generally forted up, in consequance of the Cherokee Indians, who were extremely troublesome at this time; having been instigated by the British. To protect themselves from Indian warefare, and to defend the country as much as possible, the frontier inhabitants had constructed aline of forts along the Savannah River and had mustered themselves into companies, stationed principally at these forts. As soon as I joined the service, which was to aid in guarding the fronbtiers and in repelling the Indians, Captain Anderson, stationed himself at one of these forst called FORT INDEPENDENCE, situated on the Savannah river, where we reamined fourteen months in constant service against these Indians - in scouring the coutnry and protecting the inhabitants. In the latter part of the year 1777 (I think in December) General Williamson made a campaign into the Indian country and defeated the Indians first at Seneca and next at Tomassa, or some such name; which gave the frontier inhabitants an interval of peace, as the Indians

{EMS 144}

were driven off.
A fort was built at Senaca called Rutledge, which was afterwards left under the care of Captain John Moore, with a company of Independant, as they were called. I was not in this campaign, having been left with others under Captain John Pickens (my brother) to guard the fort. But the most of my company, under Captain Anderson was in this expedition. After the return of General Williamson, which I think was some time in January or February 1778, I was discharged by Captian Anderson as our services was not required any longer on the frontier. I think quiet certain that we were discharged in January 1778 - having served from the month of October 1776 to January 1778, at least fifteen months. After my discharge, I immediately returned home (Abbeville) and engaged in waggoning for the American Army, and continued it until sometime in 1780, after the fall of Charleston, and the capitulation of General Lincoln; but I am advised that this service (waggoning) gives no claim to a pension, and I pass over it. After the British entered Charleston, they soon established forts throughout the country and seemed to have subjected it to the British Crown. Resistance almost ceased, for the Tories and British together overran the county. Indeed many f the Whigs founded it necessary to tkae protection, it was callled under the British - this was a matter of necessity and many of the most devoted Whigs done SC. and particularly after thedefeat of Gates at Camden in August of that year. Thus thing remained until the arrival of General Greene from the North. This gave encouragement to the Whigs, and they agai began to take up arms under their several leaders, indefense of their country. If I am not mistaken, Green arrived late in 1780 or the first of 1781. Early in the spring of 1781 (I think in Aprile) I, with many others, volunteered under Captian Carruthers, Major Alexander Noble, and Col., Robert Anderson (the same who was formerly my Captain) andjoined General Green in May, then before Ninety Six. We continued here with Green, durning the siege of this place,and until he was repulsed. Our regiment was actively employed during this siege, the particulars of which I could relate if necessary, but will only mention, that it was Green's first objective to approach cautiusly and take the place by a regualr siege, of which he had o doubt if time was allowed him. He pushed the siege rigorously until sometime in Jane, whe he learned that a re-inforcement under Rowden was hastily advancing to the relief of the place, (under Co. Cruger). This induced General Green to hazzard an assault, as it would be impossible to succeed by a regular siege before the arrival of Rowden. The troops were immediately disposed for the assult. Gol. Lee succeeded in forcing the works assigned to him, but in other parts our troops were repulsed, after much hard fighting and considerable loss, Genreal Green called off his troops. The next day he raised the siege, crossed the Saluda and encamped on Little River.
In this siege, my brother in law, Captain Joseph Pickens (who was also a cousin) was killed. I served as a soldier in this siege, and remember the most of the particulars, but it is not necessary to relat them. On the retreat of General Green themost of the militia dispersed for a few days, but re-assembled abut fifteenmiles above Ninety Six, and there joined General Pickens (an own cousin to myself, being brother's children, and with whom I had been raised.) After joining General Pickens, we marched toward North Carolina - crossed Broad River at Hamilton's Ford, and proceeded down towards the Congaree. Here I, with others were sent out as spies to ascertain the situation of the enemy when on their march toward Charleston. We (the spy company) came up with the enemy's rear guard, and attcked it, in which we killed five. But we could do no more than harass their rear and flanks, the embarrass them in their march as much as possible, which we continued to do for ten miles. We were on horse, as were all

{EMS 145}

now under the command of General Pickens. After this we marched up towards the Dutch Fork, into a settlement almost entirely Tories, and whohad embodyed in considerable numbers near the line. After marching for sometime in search of them, I came to the determination of quiting the service for a while, at the support of an aged mother and widowed sister (the wife of Capt. Joseph Pickens, Killed at NientySix) now evolved upon me and required my attention. But at this Captain Norwood called on me, and earnestly pressed me to join his company, and fill the plac of one of his spies, who had been lately killed by Tories. Althougt it was almost absolutely necessary for me to quit the service at this time, and attend to the support of mother and ister, who were left quiet dedstitute, yet as my service as a spy was thought to bo ov considerable importance, I determined to forego the duty I owed at home, andimmediately joined Captin Norwood as a spy, and continued in this service for the term of six months. Captain Norwood was pricnipally stationed on the frontier, between the white settlements and Indian Nation. As well as I now remember, I joined Captain Carruthers as before stated from april 1781 until October of the smae year. I served full six months under Norwood as spy, andd was discharged sometime inApril or May 1782 as well as my memory serves me, and since my papers were sent back for want of dates, etc. I have reflected much on the subject, and I do not think I am wrong in any of the dates I have mentioned. The leght of the tours of duty mentined, I have put down at least as short as they really were,as I do not desire to receive for more than I deserve.
I have not documentary evidence in my possession which would prove my service, nor do I know of any living witnesses by whom I can prove any portion of it, except Patrick Cain and one John Drennon - the former of whom is so old and infirm that his attencance at court cannot be precured, and Drennon lives in another county (Caldwell) but the evidence of one or both of them I will endeavor to procure before this Declaration is sent in. I never recieved a written discharge for the service that I have any recollection of, nor any pay, except an indent amounting to 208 pounds sterling, which I sold to one Capt. Swift for a trifle as the claim was thought of little value.
And the said court propounded to said aplicant the following interrogations as prescibed by the War Department.
Where and in what year were you born?
I was born in the District of Camden, State of South Carolina, the 18-th day of October 1760.
Have you a record of your age and if so where is it?
I have the family record of my age at my house.
Where were you living when called to service, where have you lived since, the revolutinary war, and where do you live now?
When I entered the service I was living in Abbevile District, formerly Ninety Six, whither I had moved at an early age. I remained in that country until the year ____ when I removed to this country where I have lived ever since.
How were you called into service, Volunteered, drafted, or substituted?
All my service was as a volunteer.
State names of person wo whom you are known in your present neighborhood who can testify to your character, etc.?
I am known of a great many, William Thompson, Christopher Haynes, William Gray, Robert Hodge, James Cruce, Jame Elder, and Joseph Hughes.

Signed; Wm. G. PICKENS

We, JAMES JOHNSON, a clergyman residing in the county of Livingston and State of Kentucky, and JAMES MCCAWLEY, and JAMES A. WHYTE hereby certify we are well acquainted with the applicant named above; we believe him to be seventy two years of age, and he is reputed to have been a soldier in the revolution.

{EMS 146}
appenvi.txt

VI.

PENSION APPLICATION OF WIDOW OF ISRAEL PICKENS,
LATE RESIDENT OF ANDERSON CO. S.C.
National Archives No. R-8226.
____________________________
STATE OF GEORGIA, | On this 23-rd day of June 1856, personally
MADISON COUNTY. | appeared before me. Walton B. Briffith, one
____________________________| of the Judges of the Inferior Court in and for the county and state aforesaid, SARAH PICKENS, a resident of the county of Madison and State of Georgia, aged sixty seven (67) years who being sworn according to last doth on her oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the provisions made by the Act of Congress passed the 3-rd day of February 1853, that she is the widow of ISRAEL PICKENS who was a private in the revolutionary war under General Andrew Pickens in the State of South Carolina.
She further declares that she was maried to the said IARAEL PICKENS on the fourth day of August A.D. 1823.. that her husband the aforesaid Israel Pickens died on the eleventh of February 1828, that she was married to him at the time above stated. She further swears that she is now a widow and that she has never before made application for a pension. Sworn to and subscribed before me the day and year above written, and I dertify that the said Sarah Pickens is unable to apear in hope court from old age and bodily infirmity.
________________________
STATE OF GEORGIA | Personally appeared before me Walter H.
MADISON COUTNY. | Griffith, a Justice of Madkson County,
_________________________| Georgia, LOUISA SAILORS who after being duly sworn according to law deposeth and saith that she was present and saw the marriage ceremony performed between Israel Pickens and Sarah Bevil, now Sarah Pickens, that said ceremony was performed by Joseph Black, a Justice of the Peace in the State of South Carolina on the fourth day of August 1823 and that the said Sarah Pickens is now the widow of said Israel Pickens, sworn and subscribed to before me, this 23 June 1856
Signed: Louisa (X) Sailors.
EDITOR'S NOTE: This application was rejected by the War Department, on ground that Sarah Bevil Pickens was not the wife of Israel Pickens at time of his service. In the orginial text, the name was originally written Sarah Williams, the name Williams was marked through and the name Bevil writtena bove it. Sarah was the Widow Bevil when she married Pickens, and was NEE Williams. Sarah was the fourth wife of Israel Pickens

***

{EMS 146}
appenvii.txt

VII

CLAIMS FOR CAPTAIN JOSEPH PICKENS

NINETY SIX DISTRICT: Personally came Lieut Joseph Pickens before me and on his oath deposeth that on the eleventh day of February last past (1770) he being called out with part of Capt. Thomas' company of militia under the command of Col. Andrew Pickens in the public service of this state on Savannah River near a place called the Cherokee Ford were being engaged in a fight with a large body of disaffected armed men called Col. Boyd's Tories, that in said fight he the deponent lost a saddle and saddle cloth and a pair of saddle bags and blanket, appraiseth same to one hurndred and twenty pounds total.

Signed: JO PICKENS

{EMS 147}

Sworn to the twenty first day of July 1779, before me,

Signed: PAT CALHOUN

The above certified the 11-th of December 1779 by ANDw Pickens, Colonel.
12 NOVEMBER 1779 ) We, William Drannan, James Strain, and Ezekiel
NINETY SIX DISTRICT ) Evans, Freeholders, do on our oath value and appraise a certain bay gelding, pacer, 13 1/2 hands high, six years old, branded JP on the near Buttock, lost and taken by the enemy at Savannah on or about the 1th of October last, at Two Thousnad Pounds Currency.
Sworn to be fore me,

Signed: PAT CALHOUN,

12-th NOV. 1779
Personnally appeared before PAT CALHOUN, one of
the Justices of said District, JOSPEH PICKENS and maketh oath that he never hath got said horse or any satisfaction therefor.

Signed: JO. PICKENS

Certified 11-th December 1779, ANDw PICKENS
STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA | Debtor to JOSEPH PICKENS, Deceased. for duty
to Col. Anderson's return Waggon Service in 1779 and 1780, 376 days. and a bay mare lost in July 1781.
W. No. 37.
MR. JOSEPH PICKENS, deceased, his account of Military Duty as Captain done before and since the reduction of Charleston' also for waggon hire in 1779 and 1780 on Militia account, and for a bay mare lost in 1781, the whole to amount to 335 pounds, 18, shillings, 6 pence, three farthings.
GENTLEMEN:
Please to deliver the indent that is dou my late husband JOSEPH PICKENS for miitia duty and other services to Mr. Johnn Lesley and his receipt shall be of sufficient from,

Gentlemen, Your most humble servant,
ELENEAR PICKENS

To the treasurer of the State of South Carolina, this may certify that I saw Eleanor Pickens, widow and executor of the late Joseph Pickens, sign the above order, this 21 January 1786

Signed: ANDEW PICKENS, JR.

INDENTED CERTIFICATE: Pursuant to an Act of the General Assembly passed the 16-th of March 1783, We the Commissioners of the Treasury, have this day delivered to the estate of JOSPEH PICKENS, this our INDENTED CERTIFICATE, for the sum of Three hundred and thrity five pounds, eighteen shillings and six pence for Milita Duty as Captain, also for Waggon Hire in 1779 and 1780, and for a bay mare lost in 1781 as per account passed the Commission of Accounts, the said, his Executors, Administrators or Assigns will be entitled to receive from his office the Sum of Twenty three pounds, ten shillings and four pence on demand, one years interest on the principal sum of 335 ppounds, 18 shillings and 6 pence, and the like interest annually.
Given under our hands at the TREASURY OFFICE IN CHARLESTON, and 29-th day of August 1785.

Signed: J. MITCHELL, Treasurer.

EDITOR'S NOTE: This indent was cashed by John Lesly, David Lesly, Abram Markley, and was used to purchase 200 acres of land by ANDREW PICKENS, JR. who was a son of Capt. Joseph and Eleanor Pickens. Final payments made August 14, 1787.

{EMS 148}
appeviii.txt

VIII.

SERVICE AND CLAIMS OF JOHN PICKENS

STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA: Debtor to JOHN PICKENS, deceased for duty as
private Col. Anderson's company. Mr. John Pickens, his account for Militia Duty as Private done since the reduction of Charleston, also for a mare lost in service in 1781, the whole acmounting to 41 pounds, 8 shilling and sixpence.
ABBEVILLE COUNTY OF ) I do hereby authorize and impower (my present
NINETY SIX DISTRICT ) husband) WILLIAM BLACK to draw and receive the Indent or Indents with the interest due for the use of my orphan children by my former husband JOHN PICKENS, and which was due to him for sundry militia services of this State as a private, serving mostly as a Horse-man, both before the reduction of Charleston and afterwards, until he was taken prisoner by the enemy and given into the hands of Indians, who in a most barbarous manner put him and others to death. Col. Robert Anderson, Commissioner saith that he returned the accounts of said former husband JOHN PICKENS militia duty or services to the auditor's office. Given under my hand this 3-rd day of February 1790

Signed: Mary (X) Pickens

The above MARY BLACK signed and acknowledged the above order in my presence and also made oath that neither herself nor any interest in consequence of the above duty or services and that there is not beside this any order out for the same. Sworn to this 3-rd day of February 1790 before me. PAT. CALHOUN, J.P.
NOVEMBER 19, 1819.
To the Honorable the President and Members of the Senate:
Your petitioner humbly sheweth that her former husband JOHN PICKENS was killed in service of this state on the 16-th day of December 1781, and left your petitioner with a family of small and very helpless childen, that your petitioner continued the widow of the said JOHN PICKENS until the 10th day of January 1784 when she intermarried with WILLIAM BLACK who has been dead for many years and your petitioner is now very old and infirm and unable to make a support and prays that your honorable body will place her on your pension list and thereby enable her to drag out the few remaining days which she may have to live and at least she hopes she will not be refused the three years annuity which she might have drawn. She refers for her records of the Treasury office where she did draw for her minor children out did not draw for herself.

MARY (X) PICKENS

EDITOR'S NOTE: A like petition was addressed to the house of Representatives on the same date Nov. 19, 1819, stating that at the death of her first husbnd she was left with a small and helpless family, and that she drew for her minor children the pay allowed, but did not draw for herself.

{EMS 148}
appenix.txt

IX.

INDENT ISSUED to MR. JONATHAN PICKENS, Augus 29, 1785 for 3 pounds, 17 shillings, and one penny for two beeves furnished for Militia sue in 1781 and 1782. per account from Commissioners. (Sally Stub. Entrys, No. 631, Bk. W)

{EMS 149}
appenx.txt

X

GOVERNOR ISRAEL PICKENS LETTER.

"Steamboat Fanny", April 18, 1825

"On Black Warrior River returning to Mobile."

General Edmond Jones:
Dear Sir:
I am returning from a most gratifying rout which has fallen to my lot to be obliged officially to take in receiving and conducting our great patriot and patriarch of liberty through this state. I hope to reach home tonight. I have not seen my little boys for about four weeks, and hope to give you all that concerns me or them by tomorrow's mail. While waiting the regular but tedious march of this vessel around the bends of this winding little river I cannot adopt a better expedient to check impatience than by giving you a brief view of the journey of General Lafayette in Alabama.
An invitation was given our guest conformably to a legislative resolve which he accepted in very pleasing terms. At Chattahoochee, our state boundary I had him received by a delegation of our most respectable citizens, who attended him through the Indian country to Montgomery (formerly the 10 mile cluff below Fort Jackson) where I received him. From Chattahoochee also a military escort of two fine trips of neatly uniformed cavalry commanded by the Major General with his suit and other Generals and officers accompanied our guest, three elegant carriages, also one of white, drawn by four elegant grays and about 20 outriding attendants were sent to Chattahoochee in which the guest, his son and secretary were carried, Beds, Furniture, provisions and refreshments were transported for accomodation in the Indian country and deposited at proper points on the road.
On arrival at Line Creek (the Indian boundary) many gerneal field and staff officers met, among whom were part of my own military family and an immense cavalcade of citizens from adjoining counties assembled and formed a procession and continued on to Montgomery. Here on a very high eminence commanding a view of the thriving village and many miles of surrounding country, frames and two very spacious tents were erected-between them a civil arch, decorated with evergreens, flowers etc. The first tent through which the guest was conducted after alighting was filled with all the beauty of the country. In the second were seated the civil magistry and committees of citizens I had nominated to aid in the reception. At the arch I received and addressed him on behalf of the State and received his reply. When, after being introduced to the citizens, I took hi in my carriage and the procession continued through the town to the quarters provided for him and myself.
After enjoying the festivities of Montgomery, a great dinner, ball, etc. we embarked in a steam boat, other steam boats attended to transport civil and military escorts and ladies. At Claiborn the same and at Mobile a still more brilliant reception was given. Three hundred ladies attended the ball and a still greater number of gentlemen. Illuminations of houses, vessels in the harbor. Here a committee of citizens from Louisiana with military escort, with a very large steamboat from New Orleans met us to receive our guest. We proceeded from Mobile 30 miles down the Bay, being the last point of our territory, where a corps of Engineers have been stationed and fortifications are erected by the U.S. Here again splendid eentertainments were provided. Here the Civil and Military citizens attending with me took our leave from you guest after delivering him a farewell address and receiving most affectinate answer. I am just now returning and almost home from the grand {frolis}. I consdider this a very fortunate concurence which has given me occasion to be the fellow traveller and host of one of th finest men that ever graced and adorned the human family. in private life and as a companion he is not less valuable and worthy than his exalted public character. He is gone and our prayers go with him. But I am nearng my landing point.

{EMS 150}

Greenwood, April 19, At home.
"Here I arrived last night, met at the gate by my two fine boys who were very glad to see me. They are and have been well. My brother WILLIAM is also here and has been mostly during my absence. Please give my love to all friends and be so kind as to continue to let me hear from you and him. It is not only gratifying to myself, but my little boys take an uncommon interest in hearing from you. They come up and listen attentively to every letter I receive from you.

Your friend and brother,

ISRAEL PICKENS

** **

{EMS 150}
appenxi.txt

XI.

LETTER OF FRANCIS W. PICKENS

(Son of Governor ANDREW PICKENS, of SC and himself later GOVERNOR of S.C.)

Edgewood,(Edgefield Co., S.C.)

March 26, 1848

Charles H. Allen
Abbeville Dist, S.C.
Dear Sir:
General Pickens built the Block House himself about the year 1768. In 1761 the settlement of Long Cane was nearly exterminated by the terrible massacre of the Indians, and you will find the old tombstone near Long Cane Bridge on the road leading from Calhoun's Mill to the old Hopewell Church. Upon that you will see many of the names of those murdered. That old place that used to belong to William Calhoun, south of Dr. Reeds place was among the first settlements made at Abbeville District, and next to it was Patrick Calhoun's old place where nearly all the Calhouns were born. After the massacre in 1761, EZEKIAL CALHOUN fled to the Waxhaws, thenearest white settlement, for protection.
My grandfather (General Pickens) lived there and got acquainted with my grandmother, who was the daughter of Ezekiel Calhoun, and came back to the Calhoun settlelment with them and married there. He then setled there in 1764, near Abbeville Court House. He built it and made it a resort for the neighbors from the Indians, taking command himself. He owned all the lands around the place where the present village stands, and I think sold it to Major Hamilton. My notes indicate that he left Abbeville in the year 1787, if so he resided in Abbeville from the first of 1764 to1787 or 23 years.
When he built the Block House the neighborhood was a great resort for the Indians who brought ginsing, Pink root, deer and bear skins and bever in large quantities, and he owned afterwards a warehouse opposite Augusta near where the bridge now rests in Hamburg to which place he sent all these things obtained from the Indians. He also sent droves of beef cattle to Philadelphia from both Abbeville and Pendleton afterwards. During the war his house near the Block House was burned down by the Tories and his fmaily lived for weeks in the woods, near Abbevill, fed by their own negroes, secretly.

F.W. PICKENS.

EMS 151}

XII.

PICKENS LAND GRANTS IN S.C.

BEFORE THE REVOLUTION:
JOHN PICKENS - 200 acres on south prong of Lynch's creek in Craven County, bounding on every side vacant. Certified April 1, 1757.
- 50 acres in Craven County on Lynch's Creek, March 14, 1764
JOHN PICKENS, SENIOR - 200 acres in Graville County, on North West side of Great Rocky Creek. Certified Feb. 23, 1765, by John Pickens, D.S.
JOHN PICKENS - 200 cares n Graville County, on Northwest Fork of Long Cane Creek, joining lands of William Eddy. Certified Nov. 23, 1765. (This is the brother of General Andrew Pickens)
JOHN PICKENS, SR. - 200 acres in Granville County, on Great Rocky River for a mill butting and bounding on Northeast side of land laid out for Gabriel Pickens . Certified Oct. 11, 1768, by John Pickens, D.S.
ANDREW PICKENS - 200 acres o Long Cane Creek in Granville County, Certified on December 2, 1762 - 300 acres in Granville County, December 14, 1762 - 100 acres, Granville county, February 2, 1763 - 200 acres, Granville County, July 2, 1763 - 100 acres, Granville county, November 2, 1772 (All tracts to andrew Pickens, Later General Pickens)
GABRIEL PICKENS - 200 acres in grnville county, certified December 19, 1765
ROBERT PICKENS - 250 acres in Granville County, on Long Cane Creek. Certified on December 3, 1863
JONATHAN PICKENS - 100 acres in Granville county, November 16, 1765, described as being on Savannah River, bounded on Southwest by one Kelly. Certified by Distirct Surveyor, John Pickens, Jr.
AFTER THE REVOLUTION: in the court house at Abbeville today one may find two old platt books, showing land surveyed and conveyed to various persons just after the war, within the bounds of the then Abbeville County. Some of these platts were in what is today Anderson County, others in present Abbeville. The letters "ABL" in a ssurveyindicates the land lies in present anderson Co. These letters refer to "the Ancient Boundry Line" a line oce run between the white domain and the Indian domain. This line marks the line between Abbeville and Anderson Counties today.
JONATHAN PICKENS - a citizen, 50 acres below the line, bounded on SW. by Savannah River, on the EAST by William McGowen, o NW by Jonathan Pickens and on NE vacant. Surveyed, Sept. 23, 1784 by Pat Calhoun, D.S.

{EMS 152}

EZEKIEL PICKENS - a citizen - 523 acres in Forks of Toogaloo and Koewee on Little River, and a branch of Koewes River, bounding on S. on Dr. James Martin, all other sides vacant. Surveyed, April 11, 1785, William Lesly, D.S.
JOHN PICKENS - a citizen - 150 acres below the line on Rosses Creek, bounding on SW on Gabriel Pickens land, all other sides vacant. Surveyed on Dec. 20, 1784 by Pat Calhoun D.S.
ANDREW PICKENS, JR. - citizen - 560 acres in 96 Disrict, on a branch of Koewes River, bounding on S. by Gen. Andrew Pickens, on W. by General Pickens and Major Taylor, all other sides vacant. Surveyed March 25, 1785, John Bowie.
WILLIAM GABRIEL PICKENS - citizen - 200 acres on Savannah River and Seneca River, opposite confluence of Toogaloo River. Vacant on all sides, Surveyed o June 6, 1784 by William Tate, D.S.
ROBERT PICKENS - citizen - 250 acres on Branch of 23 Mile Creek, of Savannah River bounded on S. by said branch, al other sides vacant. Surveyed May 29, 1784 by John Purvis, D.S.
ANDREW PICKENS, SR. - citizen 200 acress on Big Creek of Little Generostes of Savannah River, all sides vacant. Surveyed by William Tate, D.S. June 5, 1784
ELEANOR PICKENS - citizen - 300 acres ABL, on a small creek of Coneross, bounding on SW by Thomas Shanklin, all other sides vacant. Surveyed Jan. 21, 1785. by Harwood Jones, D.S.
ANDREW PICKENS - citizen - 227 acres in Abbeville County, on Great Rocky Creek bounded on NW by Matthew Gillespie, on SE by Andrew Pickens, and part on William Pickens and Fleming Bates, all other sides vacant. Surveyed May 4, 1785 by Thomas Findley, D.S.
ISRAEL PICKENS - citizen - 407 acres in Abbeville County on Little River, bounded on NE by James Pedigrew, on S. by William White, all other sides vacant. Surveyed May 12, 1785, Thomas Findley, D.S.
WILLIAM GABRIEL PICKENS - citizen 332 acres in Abbeville County, on Great Rocky Creek a branch of Savannah, bounded by Fleming Bates, Andrew Pickens, William Gabriel Pickens, surveyed July 20, 1785 by William Lesly. D.S.
ABRAHAM PICKENS - citizen - 150 acres in Abbeville County n Rosses Creek, a branch of Savannah River, bounded on NE by William Pickens, all other sides vacant. Surveyed Nov. 18, 1785 by Thomas Findley, D.S.
JOHN PICKENS - citizen 100 acres in Abbeville County, ABL on a branch of Great Rocky Creek, bounding on William Thompson, Gar-Green, Samuel Houston, surveyed on Oct. 31, 1786, by William Lesly, D.S. This is the end of Sharp's Appendix. The rest is material that has been found since Sharp wrote this manuscriptappxiii.txt

XIII

NOTE: This are copies of hand written letters to my father from Ms. Earle Clyde Pickens, 503 So. Carancaheia, Corpus Christi, Texas. They are dated May 17,1962; May 30, 1962; and June 11, 1962. I do not think that there are more, if so I do not have them. They are concerning her family line, which consists of Hamiltons, and Pickens. There are I believe mention of the Fort-Pickens line as well.jcp 1993

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503 S. Carancahiea
Corpus Chritsi, Texas
May 17, 1962

Mr. Sidney Pickens
BOX 316
Morris, N. Y.
Dear Mr. Pickens:
Your letter of May 12 was received today. I hasten to answer, because I am so very anxious to receive information on my gr. gr. grandfather Andrew Pickens b. 1-6-1753, VA. d. 9-15-1844 Fayette Co Tenn. served in Amer. Rev. under Gen. Andrew Pickens, his first cousin, in S.C. was wounded, was dismissed from serve as result - when recoverred to a certain extent his insistence to rejoin army was agreed uon. He served in capacity as driving a buggage wagon remainder of war. His pension application S3697, which was grated, states facts stated above.
His first wife's name is unknown to us - His second wife was Margaret Gallispie b 1763 d 8-18-1830. They m. 1790 S.C. came to Tenn. 1807. We do not exact proof this Andrew b. 1753 was our gr.gr. grandfather. Mr Sharp of Tenn. a Pickens descendant and prof. genealogist says it is only circumstancial, but he seems positive its so.
My gr grand father we know was William Pickens b. 11-1782 in S.C. d Giles Co. Tenn. ca 1815 -1820. m. in 1806 to Margaret Harris (b 1789 - S.C.) at Harper's Ferry, S.C. by Rev. Moses Wadell, Pres. Minister and teacher of John C. Calhoun.
Margaret was dau. of Sarah (Sally) Hamilton and Dr. John Harris who was born - MD. Sarah Hamilton was the dau. of Maj. Andrew Hamilton b. VA. d S.C. and his wife Jane McGarra b. Penn. d. S.C.
Here is outline of my Hamilton line which is finished. There are too many Andrew's, John's, William's and what have you in the Pickens Clan.
1. Audley Harrison b. N. Ire. m. Eleanor Adams b. N. Ire. gr gr gr gr gr grandparents.
2. Archilbald Hamilton m. Frances Calhoun (of John C. Calhoun's line) gr gr gr gr grandparents.
3. Andrew Hamilton m. Jane McGara - VA gr gr gr grandparents.
4. Sarah hamilton m Dr. John Harris gr gr grandparents
5. Margaret Harris m. William Pickens - 1806 S.C. gr grandparents
6. Andrew Hamilton Pickens b 1810 - Tenn. m 2nd Lucinda Fort - b VA 1813. Thy m. KY or TENN. 1836 - she d. 1852 - Ark. on way to Texas. Andrew Hamilton Pickens d. Tex. 1894 age 86 yrs. my grnadparents
7. John Andrew Pickens, my father, b. 1845 Christian Co. KY - d. Texas 1921 age 76, m. 1876 Annie Eliza Meggs or Meiggs{meigs} - b 2-13-1859, Durant, Miss. d. Corpus christi, Texas June 1951 age 91 yrs. 6 mo.
My Hamilton line thro "Audley H - goes back to and including Sir James Hamilton Second Earl of Arran and Regent of Scotland 1542-1558, also guardian of Infant Mary "Queen of Scots". b Scotland 1541. Sir James was also Duke of Chatelherault in France. "McPherson, Calhoun, Hamilton, Baskin and Related Families", Flyleaf. He cites references I have Coat of Arms, which has crown signifing royalty.
Now back to Pickens, according to Pickins notes - 1961 by Sharp of Tenn:
"In 1740 there were Six Pickin men listed in the Augusta Co. Va records. These were certainly brothers and in all probability were sons of William Pickens b. c. 1670 France, to Ireland 1685, to Bensalem, Buck Co. Penn. 1719. d. ca 1740 m. ca 1692 to Margaret--------{Pike}. He list sons in order of birth:
1. Israel - widow granted land N. C. 1754. {This is Wm. son not the Israel Wm. brother who died in 1749 in Virginia}
2. Robert{Pike} - will probated Anderson Dist, S.C. 1793
3. Andrew (father of Gen. Andrew) will probated Anson Co. N.C. 1757
4. William - will probated Montgomery Co. VA 1783
5. John - widow living in Abbeville Dist, S.C. 1773
6. Gabriel - no definite record after 1777 Wilkes Co. Ga.
John Pickens 5th son of William and Margaret, (b. France) is said to be my gr gr gr grand father - no conclusive proof as of yet. {Earle's line came through Robert Pike Pickens}jcp1993
John b. Ireland 1710-1735 in Penna. m. 1737 Eleanor(?) Kerr. 1740 Augusta Co. VA. 1741-49 children bap. by Rev. John Crain 1755 - Waxhaw Country, 1760 Son Wm. Gabriel b. Chester Co. S.C. 1768, Son, Israel, m. Elizabeth Baskin, Abbeville, S.C., 1773 - widow mentioned Abbeville Co Records, (living 1781) Children of John b. Ireland 1710
1. John b ca 1738 d 9-22-1795 Anderson Co. S.C. surveyer m Sarah Sweringer{n}
2. Lucy P. b 1740 m 1760 James Laird d 1780
3. Elizabeth Pickins bap 1741, VA
4. Wm. Pickins bap 1742 d yg
5. Israel Pickins b 8-24-1744 d 2-11-1828 Anderson Co. S.C. Had eleven children
6. Eleanor Pickins bap 12-1746 m Joseph Pickens (son of Andrew)
7. Robert Pickins bap 5-16-1749 d ?young
XXXX 8. Andrew Pickins b 1-6-1753 d 9-15-1844 (Pen. appln) S3697. I have a phostatic copy from archives) m 2nd Margaret Gillespie in 1790. She was b. 1763 d 8-18-1830 Children of Andrew b 1753 dates of birth tell if Margaret Gillespie's children or first wife's
a. John G. Pickens m/c 1807 McKnight {Polly}
XXX b. William Pickins {my gr grandparnets have bible records 7 Rev.Waddel's}b 11-2-1782 d 1815 Giles Co. Tenn. m. 1806 Margaret Harris b 1789 to Tenn. 1807 when William died in Giles co. Margaret Harris Pickens m. a Carr. He soone died. She married John Cooper of KY. He died 1851, buried near Hopkinsville, Christian Co, KY. Margaret d ca. 1859-1860. Their son, Hugh Cooper, Married a McKenzie of the v.Pres. Stevenson's family and present day Adalai Stevenson of U.N. I've corrresponded with Hugh's grand children all way from Florida to Ottawa, Canada & Van Courver B.C. but not one word of information did they give me. What became of Wm.'s and Margaret's old Bible with recordes is mystery to us. There was a disagreement in settling property, Pickens Kids got none. Coopers' got all.
ISSUE 1. Andrew Hamilton Pickens b 1810 Tenn d. Tex 1894 m. first Martha Ward md.2nd Lucinda Fort b. 1813 VA. d. 1852 Ark.
2. Margaret Carolin Pickens b 1812 m. 1st Ezell; 2nd Davis, d. Texas.
{page 9 of the letter switches from numerals to letters, and gets confusing}
c. Andrew Pickens d. 1824 Monroe Co. Miss
d. Ezeriah Pickins m 1807 Thos. Shannon
e. Ann Pickins m 1808 David Shannon
f. David Pickins d 1815 m. Susanna Byers
g. James H. Pickins d. ca 1830 - Giles Co. Tenn m. Jane Davis
h. Robert B. Pickens b 1793 m twice d 1875 Fayette Co. Tenn.
i. Rev. Israel Sidney Pickins b. 6-5-1799 d. 12-12-1876 Fayette Co Tenn. m 9-10-1818 Sally Rutledge b 1800 d 1878. There's a large group of Pickens in Ark. But they are confused on line. I've corresponded with and relative of the Rev. but not much information.
9. William Gabriel Pickine b 10-18-1760 Chester Co. S.C. pen appln S1244; m ca 1781 Rebecca Caldwell. Dallas, Houston, Ft. Worth, Waco, Amarillo etc. Texas cities have largenumbers of Pickins families but I've not as yet contacted any one who knows any more than I do about the families.
If you will contact Rev. E. M. Sharp, 3605 Watauga Ave., Memphis 11, Tenn. probably you and him can aid each other. He is a prof. genealogist with several years of experience and also has a large collection of Pickins data.
I'd like to keep in touch with you. If I can give you any information, I'll be happy to. I am very anxious to find William's (b 1782) father & perhaps grand father and finish my Pickins line.

Cordially
signed: (Miss) Earle Clyde Pickens

P.S. If you are interested in the Ark. Pickens write to Miss Thelma Pickens, Batesville, Ark. E.H. Pickens, Pickens, Ark. Mrs. Alice Noble Waring, Hughe, Ark. "The Fighting Elders," her history of the Gen. is off the press. very good.
C.P.

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503 S. Carancahiea
Corpus Chritsi, Texas
May 30, 1962

Mr. Sidney Pickens
Morris, N. Y.
Dear Mr. Pickens:
Today being a holiday, time has been heavy on my hands, so I scanned Kate Pickens Day's book, THE PICKENS FAMILY looking for your Martin Pickens, I came up with one Adnrew Martin Pickens and I trust he is "yours".
Pages 266 -267 - THE PICKENS FAMILY Kate Pickens Day - Easley S.C. - Copyright 1915, Hiatt Press, Greenville, S.C.
"Andreww Martin Pickins, whose parents have not yet been definately determined, was born in Abbeville, Disrict of S.C. about 1776. About 1818, he, with his family, moved to Black's Bens, on the Alabama River, in Ala., where he lived about a year and then moved to Greeville, Ala. Being among the first settlers at the place, He married Isabella Caldwell of Abbeville, S.C., and they had the following Children:
Isabella Pickens, Mary Ann Pickens, Ezekiel Plckens, Jane Pickens, John C Pickens and Eliza Pickens."
(NOTE p.267) " It is said that the father of Andrew Martin Pickens was captured by the Indians and burned at the stake, and that he was a brother of Gen. Andrew, was captured by British and burned at stake a field book of Rev. officers - the colonial army gives the date of the killing of Capt. Joseph Pickens as June 1781, at Ninety Six, S.C. Tradition also tells us that John Pickins and James Pickins, both brothers of Capt. Joseph Pickins, were lost at Ninety Six during the Rev. History also shows that Andrew Pickens, the father of Capt. Joseph Pickens was appointed to appraise land for a Mr. Andrew Martin - Augusta Co. Va., March 2, 1749.
Children of Andrew Martin Pickens:
1. Isabella Pickens dau. Andrew Martin and Isabella Caldwell Pickins, never married - no other records.
2. Mary Ann Pickins dau. b. 1-4-1808 Abbeville, S.C. 1818m. Thos.
J. Black son Robert Black. S.C. moved to Alabama. Children:
Isabella Francis Marion
Andrew Martin Matilda
Robert W. Black Thos. E.
James A. Joseph S.
3. Ezekeil Pickins - never m.
4. Jane Pickens m. Joseph Black
5. John C. Pickins m. Hanna Taylor Children
Elizabeth Ann, Isabella, Satrih Jane, Sarah Adaline, John Andrew
This has been as hastily copied, I doubt if you can read portions of it. Hope this helps you, even tho difficult to desipher.

Cordially, signed: MISS Clyde Pickens

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503 S. Carancahiea
Corpus Chritsi, Texas
July 11, 1962

Mr. Sidney Pickens
Morris, N. Y.
Dear Mr. Pickens:
Yesterday I found a new book in our public library listing those by name and number who came over on the Mayflower. The book, I should have said first, is "Mayflower Index" Revised Vols. I & II compiled by late Wm. Alexander McAuslan. It was published by the General Society of Mayflower Descendants. 1620-1897
Page 571
In this book, I found one (1) Andrew J. Pickens No. 26,617 who married Abigail Snow whose parents' no 34, 652, (2) Mary A. Pickins No 26,618, who married Kingman, Calvin D. Parents no 26,617 (3) Mary A Pickens no 26,619 who m. Calvin D Kingman whose parents no was 31,344. Why a repeat of Mary A. Pickens and Calvin D. Kingman, I do not know.
KNOWN MILITARY DEAD - REV. WAR 1775 1783, Compiled by ex Let. Clarence Stewart on page 135 find John Pickens Mass died 2-17-1779. Do you have a record on him or the Andrew J. Pickens listed in Mayflower Indes?
Of course Capt. Joseph W.W. Pickens - Capt. S.C. killed Battle 96 6-1781 is known to all Pickenses as a brother of Gen. Andrew Pickens of S.C.
If you have any information on John P. of Mass. Died Rev or Andrew P. listed in Mayflower Index plase let me know.
Thank you.

Cordially
signed: Miss Clyde Pickens

{NOTE: The information enclosed in {} are my notes. Clyde never wrote back and it is presumed that she either gave up on my father or passed on never knowing or finding her connection to Robert Pike Pickens {brother of William, son of William}. Her research can be found in "A FAMILY CALLED FORT". It is interesting to note that she never included herself in any of her information, including the Fort articles. JCP 1993

XIV

This information courtsey of Jackson Reynolds.

PIC018
THE CHICKASAWS, Arrell M. Gibson, University of Oklahoma Press, Norma, OK, 1971
" As required by the Curtis Act, the Atoka Agreement was re-submitted to Choctaw and Chickasaw voters on August 24, 1898, and was approved by a combination majority of 798 votes. Pressure by Chickawaw and Choctaw leaders caused the Dawes Commission to allow two alterations to the Atoka Agreement. At Suth McAlester on September 5, 1899, an amednment was negotiated which provided that after October 31, 1899, no Child born to any Chickasaw of Choctaw citizen or freedman, or a non-citizen who gained tribal citizenship by marriage, could be enrolled for allotment. The second ammendment, called the Supplementary Agreement and negotiated in 1902, altered the 1899 ammendment in that it provided for the enrollment of newborn Chickasaws. Freedmen claimed that this agreement applied to their offsprings but the secretary of the interior ruled that Chickawas freedman were not a class of citizens of that nation within the meaning of the acts of Congress and that their children born after 1899 were not entitled to enrollment.
" The Dawes Commission staf proceeded with the preparationof tribal rolls for the Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creek, Seminoles, and Cherokees as an essential preliminary to allotment in severality. Having finally submitted to allotment, the Chickasaws were determined that only tribal citizens and bonafide Chickasaw freedmen would be enrolled. For this puurpose, Chickasaw leaders appointed a four-member commission, one from each of the Chickasaw counties, to work with the dawes Commission staf. The Chickasaw Citizenship Commission evaluated the applications of the hordes of claimants, especially scrutinizing the credentials and claims of whites and freedmen, and challenging literally thousands of names entered on the Chickasaw rolls by the federal commissioners (pp. 272-273)
" In spite of bigilance and protest by the Chickasaw Citizenship Commission, the Dawes Comission staff peremptorily enrolled thousnads of challenged freedmen and dwhites. The Choctaws were suffering a similar fate, and to protect tribal interests, Chickasaw and Choctaw leaders engaged the law firm of Mansfield, McMurry and Cornish to investigate the background of persons claiming enrollment rights. The Mansfield, McMurry and Cornish scrutiny confirmed convictions of tribal officials that the Dawes Commission staff had been unduly gererous in its judgements on enrollment appliations. Chickasaw and Choctaw officials appealed to Congress, and that body in 1902 created the Choctaw-Chickasaw Citizenship Court, a three-member federal tribunal, to render decisions on enrollment claims. Of 3,679 applications contested by Indian officals, the court allowed only 156 to be added to the Chickasaw and Cchoctaw rolls. Out of a total of 66,217 claimants, including freedmen, the Dawes Commission was permitted t enroll 35,638 to share int ehcombined Choctaw-Chickasaw domain, consisting of 11,660,952 acres, the Chickasaw portion embracing 4,707,904 acres. The chickasaw rolls, commpleted on January 1, 1906, contained the names of 6,319 citizens -- 1, 538 full bloods, 4,146 mixed bloods, and 635 intermarried whites. The Chickasaw freedment roll contained the names of 4,670 negroes.
" The general survey of Indian Territory had been completed before 1900. Refinements of the general survey included platting of townsites which began on May 23, 1899. Each townsite was surveyed, platted and appraised. Colbert, the first Chickasaw Nation town to be surveyed and platted, contained 129.74 acres and the appraised value of lots was $5,174.75. Ardmore was the second Chickasaw Nation town to be surveyed, platted and appraised. Proceeds from the sale of lots ineach town were collected by federal officials and held intrust by the United States to be paid later to the Chickasaws on a per captia basis. While survey crews platted the Chickasaw Nation towns, appraisal teams evaluated therural land to be allotted. Each forty-acre tract was examined andgraded. Their classification of land showed a variance from $6.50 an acre for natural open bottom land, cleared bottom land, and the best prairie land to twent-five censt an acre for mountain land. The average value was $3.25 an acre which was used as a basis for assigning allotments, the amount of land allotted to each enrollee based on value an acre rather than total acreage. The average Chickasaw and Choctaw allotment contained 320 acres which included a 150 acre homestead. Each Negro on the Chickasaw and Choctaw freedman rolls received an allotment averaging 40 acres. This land divison in the Chickasaw and Choctaw nations compared to the Seminole Nation where the allotment averaged 120 acres with a forty-acre homestead, the Seminole freedmen sharing equally with the Indians in size of allotment; the Creek Nation where the allotment averaged 160 acres witha forty-acre homestead, the Creek freedmen sharing equally with the Indians in size of allotment; and the Cherokee Nation where the allotment averaged 110 acres witha forty-acre homestead, and the Cherokee freedmen also shared equally with the Indians in size of allotment. (pg. 274-275)465

CHICKASAW MUSEUM, TISHOMINGO, OKLAHOMA
DOCUMENT 1139;
Report of the Department of the Interior and Evidentiary Papers in Support of S. 7625, A Bill for the relief of Certain Members of the Five Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma.

JOHN PICKENS et al., CHOCTAWS
Commission, No. 579. United States court, No. 87

September 7, 1896. Original application was made to the commission for the enrollment of John Pickens, James Pickens, George Pickens, Andrew Pickens, John T. Pickens, Frank Pickens, Mary Short (nee Pickens), Georgia Pickens, his children, Lula Pickens, Walter Pickens, Annie Pickens, Jame Pickens, George L. Pickens, Mary M. Pickens, Jessie L. Pickens, Florence Pickens, Virgia Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tolbert Pickens, Corrolton {sic} Pickens, Earnest Pickens, Maud Pickens, Ollie Pickens, Samuel E. Short, Thomas Z. Short, Meadham {sic} J. Short, Georgie P. Short, Henry W. Short.
The evidence offered in support of the applicaton consisted of --
(a) Verified application of John Pickens acknowleged August 29, 1896, in which states that he is a son of Jmes Pickens, a Choctaw Indian who moved tothe Choctaw Nation in 1845 or 1846. That he said James Pickens was the granfather of the other applicants, who are the cildren of the principal applicant, John Pickens. Affidavits accompanying the petition are referred to in corroboration of the allegations of the petition.
(b) The affidavit of John T. Pickens, a resident of Wynnewood, Chickasaw Nation, Ind. T., dated August 15, 1896, in which he states that 466
he is a grandson of James Pickens a Chcoctaw Indian, a son of John Pickens and Mary Pickens (nee JONES), both of whom were Choctaw Indians.
(c) The affidavit of James Pickens, a resident of Elmore, Chickasaw Nation, Ind. T., that he is a son of John and Mary Pickens (nee JONES), both Choctaw Indians by blood, and a grandson of James Pickens.
(d) Affidavits of James, Mary Short (nee PICKENS), Frank, Andrew, Georgia Pickens, stating they are all residents of the Choctaw or Chickasaw Nation (the post office address being given in each case); that they are the children of John Pickens; son of James Pickens, both Choctaw Idians; that their father, John Pickens, married Mary Jones, a Choctaw woman, who was their mother. Their children are mentined by name.
(e) The affidavit of Ed McGee, who states he was born in Mississippi and removed to the Choctaw-Chickasaw Nation among the first Choctaws that removed and has resided in the nation continuously; that he knew James Pickens, father of the claimant in Mississippi, and knew him to be a recognized Choctaw Indian by blood; that he knows the claimant John Pickens is a son of the said James Pickens; that John married Mary Jones, a Choctaw Indian by blood.
(f) The affidavits of two other witnesses, Joe Freeman and S.P. Perry, testifing to the same facts set out in theaffidavit of Ed McGee, but as these last two witnesses appear in the record of other cases to have been "professional witnesses," their affidavits can be given but slight credit.
It is shown by the American State Papers, volume 7 and volume 1,Court of Claims Record, Choctaw Nation vs. United States, pages 18, 168, 232, 287, 843, that the alleged James Pickens, grandfather and great grandfather of the claimants herein, was one of the captains of the Choctaw Nation east of the Mississippi, was a signer of the treaty of 1830, and a fourteenth-article claimant under said treaty. It appears from Ward's register of those persons who were entered by the agent as desirous to become citizens of Mississippi under the fourteenth article of the treaty of 1830, that on May 17, 1831, Capt. James Pickens, with four children under 10 years of age and two children over 10 years of age, were duly registered by the agent. (Vol. 1, C.,Cls. Rec., Choctaw Nation vs. United States.)
The evidence shows that all of claimants were residents of the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations for may years prior to 1896.
December 9, 1896; The commission rendered its decision in words and figures as follows, to wit: Application denied."
From the decision of the commission appeal was taken to the United States Court, central district, Indian Territory, and on January 18, 1898, a judgement was entered nunc pro tunc as of August 30, 1897, admitting all of said applicants to citizenship in the Choctaw nation. 467
Proceeding before the united States court as well as the judgment therein entered are not found in the files of the commission. The record in journal entitled "Commission to the Five Civilized tribes. no. 2: Citizensip cases, p. 42, case No. 579. john pickens Vs Choctaw nation," after setting out the decision of the commission denying claimants, contains the following entry:
From this decision the plaintiffs hereind did, on january 29, 1897, appearal this canuse to the Unted States court, central district, Indian Territory, at South McAlester, which court did on January 18, 1898, enter a record a judgement nunc pro tunc as of August 30, 1897, admitting to citizenship all of the above applicants, thus reversing the decision of the commission.
December 17, 1902. Judgement of the United States court in the cause vacated by decree of the citizenship court in "test case." The case was never therafter certified to the citizenship court for trial and the claimants herein were denied enrollment by operation of a decision in a case to which they were not parties.
September 15, 1898. Andrew Pickens, who had been enrolled by judgement of the United States court, applied to the commission at Pauls Valley for the enrollment of himself and children. The application is stamped "Enrolled."
During the years 1898 and 1899 the other court judgement claimants appeared before the commission when in the field and made similar application to that made by Andrew Pickens for the enrollment of themselves and children. The applications were stamped "Enrolled."
December 2, 1904. Decisions were rendered by the commission denying all the claimants because of the decree of the citizenship court in the "test case" entered December 17, 1902, by the department, which was held to be fnal and unreviewable, as will appear from the copies of said decision hereto attached.
It thous appears that these claimants were denied enrollment soley becuase of the decree of the citizenship court in the "test case," to which prodeedings they were not parties, and which vacated and set aside the judgement of the United States court admitting them as citizens of the Choctaw Nation by blood.
Applications were submitted to the commission between 1898 and 1905 for the enrollment of the following new-born children:
Minor children of John T. Pickens, James Pickens, John Pickens, jr., Mary Pickens.
Minor children of James Pickens: Andrew Pickens, Jr., Ethel Pickens.
Minor children of Andrew Pickens: Bessie Pickens, Carl Edmond Gaines, grandson of Andrew and son of Florence. 468
Minor children of Frank Pickens: Zonie Pickens, Frankie Pickens, William Edcar Pickens, Mary E. Pickens, Choctaw card, No. 5010, Sherman Pickens, Choctaw.
Counsel for claimants respectfully submit the following claimants are entitled to enrollment:
Admitted by judgement of the United States Court: James Pickens, George Pickens, Andrew Pickens, John T. Pickens, Frank Pickens, Mary Short (nee Pickens), George Pickens, his children, Lula Pickens, Mary M. Pickens, Jessie L. Pickens, Florence Pickens, Virgie Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tolbert Pickens, Corrolton Pickens, Earnest Pickens, Maud Pickens, Ollie Pickens, Samuel E. Short, Thomas Z. Short, Meadham J. Short, Georgie P. Pickens, Henry W. Pickens.
New borns for whose enrollment applications were made to the commission with the time prescribed by law and therefore entitled to enrollement: Dora Pickens, James Pickens, John Pickens, Jr. Mary Pickens, Andrew Pickens, Jr., Ethel Pickens, Bessie Pickens, Zonei Pickens, Frankie Pickens, Wm. Edgar Pickens, Carl Edmond Gaines, Mary E. Pickens, Sherman Pickens, John Pickens, jr.
Note.--John Pickens, principal applicant in 1896,, is now dead, and no claim is made for his enrollment.
Exhibits attached.
(37 in all)
Respectfully submitted.

BALLINGER & LEE

_____
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
COMMISSION TO THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES

In the mater of the application for the enrollment of Andrew Pickens and his six children, Florence Gaines (nee Pickens), Virgie Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tobert Pickens, Carlton Pickens, and Bessie Pckens , and his grandchild, Carl Edmond Gaines, as citizens by blood of the Choctaw Nation.
It appears from the records of the commission that on September 7, 1896, in the case entitled "John Pickens et. al. vs. Choctaw Natin" (1896 Choctaw citizenship docket,c ase No. 579) original application was made to the commission under the provisions of the act of Congress, approved June 10, 1896 (20 Stats., 321). for the admission to citizenship in the Choctaw Nation of the applicants, Andrew Pickens, Florence Gaines, Virgie Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tolbert Pickens and Carlton Pickens, and on December 2, 1896, the said Andrew Pickens, Florence Gaines, Virgie Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tolbert Pickens were, by the commission, denied admission to citizenship in the Choctaw Nation. From this decision of the commission an appeal was taken to the United States court for the central district of Indian Territory, which court, in the case entitled "John Pickens et al. vs. Choctaw Nation (citizenship case No. 87), reversed the decision of the commission denying said Andrew Pickens, Florence Gains, Virgie Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tobert Pickens, and Carlton Pcieksn admission to citizenship in the Choctaw Nation, and admitted said Andrew Pickens Florence Gaines (as Florence Pickens), Virgie Pickens, Fulton Pickens, Tobert Pickens, and carlton Pickens (as Carrolton Pickens as citizens by blood of said nation.
The applicants, Bessie Pickens and Carl Edmond Gaines, were born subsequent to the date of the original application made herein to the commission in 1896. Said Bessie Pickens is identified as being a daughter of Andrew Pickens and Millie Pickens, a noncitizen, and said Carl Edmond Gaines as being a son of the applicant, Florence Gaines, and W.P. Gaines, a noncitizen.
It further appears from the records in the possession of the commission That on December 17, 1902, The Choctaw and Chickasaw citizenship court, created by the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1902 (32 Stat., 641) "set a side, annuled, vacated, and held for naught" the aforesaid judgement of the United States court for centeral district of Idian Territory. Said cause has not been appealed or certified to the said Choctaw and Chickasaw citizenship court for a trial de novo, within the time prescribed by the porvisions of said act of congress approved July 1, 1902.

Editor's Note: The material from Clyde Earle Pickens and the material from Jackson Reynolds are not part of the Original Appendix. I have added the material so that it can be of some use in explaining family relations. The Dryper letter is now complete in the original version Sharp omitted some of it. It has also been edited a little for readability. It was all one large paragraph. jcp2001